Plugging EV Conversion into Canada's Fleet Electrification Strategy

Branded as the second largest emitter of greenhouse gas (GHG), the transportation sector requires well-rounded strategies of decarbonization and electrification. Industry experts have pointed out that medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) are expected to surpass passenger vehicle emissions in the next few years. 

Even with 100% zero emission vehicle (ZEV) sales mandate for MHDVs by 2040, relying solely on new vehicle sales will delay progress— it is projected to take an additional 10 years for ZEVs to replace diesel engine vehicles on the road. Striking a balance between the new EV sales mandate and retrofitting older MHDVs with more fuel-efficient technologies is crucial for the industry at this juncture. 

Hydrogen fuel cells and renewable natural gas fueled vehicles are promising solutions, but come with their own set of challenges. 

Hydrogen is particularly suitable for long-haul heavy-duty vehicles, where quick refueling and high energy density are crucial. But, a lack of widespread refueling infrastructure and the high costs of both ownership and operation limit its practicality compared to battery electric vehicles.

Meanwhile, RNG offers a transitional, lower-emission option for existing internal combustion engines but adoption faces its own obstacles; while Quebec and BC have made strides as the first two provinces to mandate RNG inclusion, the absence of federal recognition creates hurdles for broader adoption across Canada.

In contrast, EV conversion—an evolving electrification solution that converts gas vehicles to battery electric vehicles—presents a scalable and practical alternative. Its addition to MHDV decarbonization strategies can effectively complement mixed green fleets. 

This approach provides considerable cost savings—in some cases up to 50%—by reducing fuel and maintenance expenses over the vehicle’s lifetime. Converting a vehicle that’s nearing its end to an electric also extends its over longevity – by replacing the engine with simpler electric components. For fleet operators, this results in reduced waste associated with scrapping or retiring old vehicles. EV conversion is also a faster alternative for green fleet expansion, often quicker than procuring new electric vehicles, which have long production and delivery timelines.

Let’s take an ambulance as an example, a critical fleet vehicle with high energy demands and frequent usage. Research indicates that average carbon dioxide (CO2) produced per ambulance response in its current box-shaped design is 31.3KGs. Over its life expectancy of 5-7 years, this only adds up significantly. 

Now imagine a Chevrolet Duramax Ambulance. Converting this vehicle to an alternative fuel source in Canada—whether to hydrogen, RNG or EV—will vary based on technology and specifics, but an estimate gives us line of sight on cost, operational feasibility and green fleet scalability. 

EV conversion typically results in operational savings of up to 80% compared to purchasing a new EV ambulance (see Table 1). For fleet managers, this offers a compelling case for considering retrofits as part of a green fleet strategy.

To make EV conversion an effective part of a comprehensive fleet electrification strategy, fleet operators must align conversions with their broader goals and operational needs. 

Start by assessing your fleet’s requirements – consider the types of vehicles in operation, their usage patterns, and the necessary infrastructure to support a low-emissions fleet. High-mileage, high-use vehicles like ambulances and delivery vans, for instance, are well-suited to EV conversion due to the operational savings and reduced emissions benefits they offer over time. You also should evaluate the feasibility of installing charging infrastructure, consider vehicle downtime during retrofits, and factor in these logistics based on your fleet size and operational demands.

In the push for MHDV electrification and fleet decarbonization, hydrogen, RNG, and new EVs all have essential roles to play. Scalable EV conversion solutions are a valuable addition to existing strategies that can accelerate green transition. As Canada works toward ambitious climate targets, organizations that incorporate EV conversion into their fleet strategies will be well-positioned to control costs, meet emissions standards, and make a meaningful impact in the shift toward cleaner transportation. 

At BlueForce, we specialise in electric mobility and clean energy solutions. Drawing on decades of expertise in automotive engineering and renewable energy, BlueForce provides comprehensive EV conversion kits, fleet electrification services, and innovative battery technologies. For inquiries about our services, please, contact sales@blueforceenergy.ca. 

Writers: Jayney Davidson, Prachi Kumar, Kameela Nash, Charlotte Gilmour. 

Editors: Anastasia Sukhoretskaya. 

Design: Esther Yuan.